Published
2024-05-02
Section
Review Article
How to Cite
Basic Understanding of Quantum Dots: The Artificial Atoms of the Nanoworld
Ved Sachin Karawale
Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai 400019
Drashti Jayesh Sodha
Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai 400019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36664/bt/2023/v70i1/173195
Keywords: Quantum dots,synthesis, quantum confinement, Q-LEDs, in-vivo imaging
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been a conversation starter in the scientific communities for decades. The advancement of
technologies that have helped humans go beyond the microscale to the nanoscale with its enthralling new
concepts in store has opened up various avenues for research. One of the fascinating nanostructures we shall
discuss in this paper are Quantum Dots (QDs). QDs are clusters of semiconductor atoms confined in all three
dimensions to the nanoscale, resulting in properties quite distinct from molecular structures and bulk materials.
The most notable property of quantum dots is the production of narrow and specific wavelengths of emitted
light with high spectral resolution and longer lifetimes, making them suitable for real-time in vitro and in vivo
imaging. This, coupled with the cost-effective control over the sizes of QDs, leads to the tuning of the emitted
wavelengths. Furthermore, carefully coating various functionalities enhances the specificity and makes them
suitable for in vivo targeting. QDsare being used for recent development in various fields, such as light-emitting
diodes, photovoltaics, etc. This review paper will focus mainly on the various properties of quantum dots, and
the reasons behind the same, with akeen focus on the application of QDs in biomedical imaging, biological
sensing, and so on. This review hopes to capture a basic understanding of QDs and their properties with a keen
focus on understanding the recent developments and biomedical applications.
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